Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Effect of MMP9 deficiency on embryonic kidney mat- uration. Representative photographs of E11.5 (A and B) and E12.5 (C and D) kidneys from MMP9/ (A and C) and MMP9/ mice (B and D) stained with calbindin D-28K to delineate ureteric bud (arrow). Please note the defect in ureteric bud elongation and branching in MMP9/ embryonic kidney. Bar: 250 m.

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Effect of MMP9 deficiency on mouse body weight, kidney weight, and nephron number. (A and B) Body weight of newborn (A) and adult (B) MMP9/ and MMP9/ kidneys. (C and D) Kidney weight of newborn (C) and adult (D) MMP9/ and MMP9/ kidneys. Kidney weight and body weight were similar at birth, whereas they were significantly decreased in adult MMP9/ mice. (E and F) Nephron number in newborn (E) and adult (F) MMP9/ and MMP9/ kidneys. Values are mean SEM. ***P 0.001 and **P 0.01 versus MMP9/ mice.

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Effect of MMP9 deficiency on renal func- tion, kidney fibrosis, and kidney morphology. (A) Serum creatinine level of MMP9/ and MMP9/

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Effect of MMP9 deficiency on ap- optosis ex vivo. (A and B) Representative photographs of E11.5 kidneys from MMP9/ (A) and MMP9/ mice (B) stained with calbindin D-28K to delineate ureteric bud in red and TUNEL method (apoptotic nuclei in green). (C) Percentage of apoptotic nuclei in E11.5 kidneys. Microphotographs were taken from 10 different MMP9/ and MMP9/ kidneys. (D) Concentration of ac- tive caspase-3 in E11.5 kidneys, n 50. Note that apoptosis assessed by different methods was increased in MMP9-deficient mesen- chyme. Values are mean SEM. ***P 0.001 versus MMP9/-injected mice. Bar: 250 m.

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques: Ex Vivo, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Concentration Assay, Injection

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Effect of MMP9 deficiency on ap- optosis in vitro. (A and B) Representative pho- tographs of E11.5 kidneys from MMP9/ (A) and MMP9/ mice (B) grown for 48 h in culture. Ureteric bud is stained with calbindin D-28K (red) and apoptotic nuclei by the TUNEL method (green). (C) Percentage of ap- optotic nuclei in E11.5 kidneys grown for 48 h. (D) Genomic DNA extracted from E11.5 control (lane 1) and MMP9/ kidney (lane 2) grown for 48 h in culture. The migration pro- file in lane 2 is characteristic of apoptosis. Values are mean SEM. ***P 0.001 versus MMP9/ mice, n 20. Bars: (A and B) 250 and (E and F) 25 m.

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques: In Vitro, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Control, Migration

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Effect of MMP9 deficiency on SCF (A and B) and c-kit (C and D) expression in E11.5 kidneys. (A) Representative SCF Western blot performed with 20 g of total proteins from MMP9/ (lane 1) and MMP9/ (lane 2) kidneys. (B) Quantitative analysis of five blots, using -actin as an internal control, showed a 50% increase of SCF protein expression in MMP9/ kidneys. (C) Representative Western blots detecting c-kit (lanes 1 and 2) and phospho c-kit (lanes 3 and 4) in 20 g total proteins extracts from MMP9/ (lanes 1 and 3) and MMP9/ (lanes 2 and 4) kidneys. (D) Phospho c-kit expression related to -actin expres- sion. Note that c-kit expression is not modified by MMP9 defi- ciency, whereas phospho c-kit expression is reduced by 60% in MMP9/ kidneys. Values are mean SEM. ***P 0.001 versus MMP9/ mice.

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control, Modification

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 7. Sensitivity of membrane SCF to MMP9 proteolysis in vitro. (A) Representative SCF Western blot performed with con- centrated medium obtained from 10 E11.5 MMP9/ (lane 1) or MMP9/ (lane 2) kidneys grown for 24 h. A band corresponding to the soluble form of SCF is observed in concentrated media from MMP9/ kidney only. (B) ELISA of sSCF in the culture medium of E11.5 MMP9/ (white bar) or MMP9/ (gray bar) kidneys grown for 24, 48, and 72 h. Values are mean SEM. ***P 0.001 versus MMP9/ mice, n 20.

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques: Membrane, In Vitro, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 8. Effect of sSCF on apoptosis in vitro. Representative photographs of E11.5 kidneys from MMP9/ (A through F) and MMP9/ (G through L) kidneys stained with calbindin D-28K to delineate ureteric bud in red and the TUNEL method (apoptotic nuclei in green). Kidneys were grown for 48 h in the absence (A through C and G through I) or the presence (D through F and J through L) of physiologic concentration of sSCF in culture medium. sSCF in culture medium decreased the number of apoptotic cells and increased ureteric bud branching of MMP9/ (J through L versus G through I) and MMP9/ (D through F versus A through C) kidneys. Bar: 250 m.

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques: In Vitro, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: MMP9 Limits Apoptosis and Stimulates Branching Morphogenesis During Kidney Development

doi: 10.1681/asn.2009030312

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 9. Effect of sSCF on E11.5 MMP9/ and MMP9/

Article Snippet: Finally, caspase-3 released from tissue was measured in culture media obtained from five sets of ten MMP9 / and ten MMP9 / E12.5 embryos grown for 2 h by an ELISA assay developed by R&D Systems (Quantikine human active caspase-3).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of the Endocrine Society

Article Title: Conjugated Estrogens and Bazedoxifene Improve β Cell Function in Obese Menopausal Women

doi: 10.1210/js.2019-00074

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of CE/BZA on Insulin Resistance and Inflammation Markers

Article Snippet: Serum markers of IR and inflammation were determined using commercially available ELISA kits: fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) [ ], leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), and lipocalin 2 (LCN2) (Boster Biological Technology, Pleasanton, CA) [ ], adiponectin (Crystal Chem, Elk Grove Village, IL) [ ], and C-reactive protein (CRP) (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Carlsbad, CA) [ ], Gla-type and Glu-type Osteocalcin (Takara Bio Inc., Mountain View, CA) [ , ], and Intact Osteocalcin (Alpco, Salem, NH) [ ].

Techniques: